Battery hand lamp



May 31, 1938. J. 5. ZOOK BATTERY HAND LAMP Filed Jan. 14, 1937 4Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR J06 0: Z 001 BY @ZMML a --06) ATTORNEYS May 31,1938. J. 5. 200K BATTERY HAND LAMP Filed Jan. 14, 1937 4 Sheets-Sheet 2m2 @w fm n 0 A M Jw b May 31, 1938. J. s. ZOOK BATTERY HAND LAMP FiledJan. 14, 1937 4 SheetsSheet 5 M m m ma Wm m w 0 May 31, 1938. J. s. zooKBATTERY HAND LAMP Filed Jan. 14, 1937 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR vJab/75: Z ao/r BY flaw/AM Patented Man, 193s PATENT OFFICE BATTERY HAND LAMPmm sfzook, Madison, Wis., asaignor a num- Battery Company, Chicago,111., a corporation of Wisoonlin Application January 14, 1937, SerialNo. 120,461

This invention relates to battery hand lamps.

and particularly those of the fiat, pocket type wherein the incandescentlamp is made operative and inoperative by moving the cover into the openand closed positions with the thumb or finger and in which the movementtothe opera tive and inoperative positions takes place with a snap. Itrelates to improvements in the constructions described andclaimed in myUnited States Patent Nos. 1,701,093, 1,763,874, and 1,897.62? and in theNygard Patent No. 1,792,547.

It is an object of the'invention to provide a hand lamp of the characterdescribed which has improved operating characteristics and a longeruseful life. A hand lamp is provided in which the snap action isimproved, and the operation is easier and causes less wear upon themoving parts; and in which the incandescent lamp and the dry cells arereplaceable individually after :10 they have become worn out orexhausted.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent from the followingdescription, which is to be taken in conjunction with the accompanyr ingdrawings, wherein Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of one form ofthe hand lamp of my invention as it appears when it is in the operativeposition;

Fig. 2 is a similar view of the head portion of the hand lamp of Fig. 1when the same is in the so inoperative position;

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing the hand lamp in anintermediate position between the operative and the inoperativepositions;

Figs. 4 to iii-inclusive are perspective views of 35 various componentparts of the hand lamp of Fig. 1;

Figs. 14, 15, and 16 are views similar to Figs. 1, 2, and 3 of amodification of the hand lamp of this invention;

40 Figs. '17. to inclusive are perspective views of component parts ofthe hand lamp of Fig. 15;

and g Fig. 26 is a longitudinal, sectional view of a furthermodification of the hand lamp of this 45 invention.

The hand lamp of Fig. 1 consists of an operating assembly,indicatedgenerally by the number HI; which may be inserted intoopen-ended case H by sliding longitudinally into the top end of 5;) thecase until the bottom member of the supporting frame H for the assemblyencounters flange l2 at the-bottomof the case. Dry cells I! and 14,indicated in Fig. 1, are mounted in the said supporting frame and areindividually insertable 55 and removable laterally with respect to theframe and are automatically connected in circuit by the act ofinsertion. An incandescent lamp II and a cover ii are mounted pivotallyat different points upon the upper portion of the frame. The

lamp is adapted to be moved to the operative and 5 inoperative positionsand the coveris adapted to be moved to the open and closed positionswith respect to the case. Means are provided for transmitting themovementof the cover to the bulb and the means are soarranged that theopen 10 and closed positions of the cover correspond to the operativeand inoperative positionsof the bulb respectively.

The frame I! (see Fig. 4) is formed of sheet metal and comprises abottom portion l6 having 15 an opening I9 therein, side portions 20,stiffened by means of ribs or beads 2|, and top portions 22 havingopenings 23 and 24 therein. The grooves which represent the oppositesides of ribs 2| accommodate the longitudinal seam in 0 the side of casell.

In Fig. 4 the frame is shown with the top portions 22 spread apart inorder to facilitate the description, but in use they are juxtaposed asshown in Fig. 1. A second frame member 26 25 (see Fig. 5), is adapted tobe contained in the main frame H. Member 26 is substantially Z- shapedand is provided with lateral end portions 21 and 28, containing openings29 and Ill, respectively. The central portion ii is separated into 30two parts by a central slot 32. Along the outside edges of the centralportion 3| are flanges 32 and 34. A tongue 35, having a protuberance I6,projects from the junction of end portion 21 with central portion 2|. 35

A spring contact member 39 is supported by frame 26 as is indicated inFig. 6. Contact member 39 is a rectangular slotted member conformingsubstantially to the form of the central portion ll of the frame member26. Member 39 40 has two tongues or spring contacts 4| and 42 extendinglaterally in opposite directions at the ends thereof. The longitudinalportions of thev member 39. v

The frame is shown in assembled relation in Fig. 1. Openings 23 of thetop portions 22 of the main frame member l1 and opening 30 of the topportion 28 of frame member 25 coincide and are fixed together by meansof a grommet 48. At the bottom of the frame, bottom portion [8 of themain frame ll and bottom portion 2'! of frame member 26 are arrangedtogether with flanges 60.

. above the slottedcontact member 39.

openings l9 and 29 coinciding. A piece of insulating material 49,preferably of hard fiber, is arranged between them, and all are fastenedtogether by means of a rivet 50. The central portion 31 of frame member26 divides the frame in two compartments, each of which is adapted toreceive a dry cell. The spring contact 4| projects laterally into thebottom portion of one compartment and the second spring contact 42projects into the top portion of the other compartment. Tongue 35 isfolded down substantially fiat with the bottom of the frame, and itsprotuberance 36 forms a third contact for the battery.

A plate or frame 55 (see Fig. 7) is mounted upon the top of the mainframe I l by means of a rivet 53 which passes through an opening 55 andthrough openings 24 in frame member i'l. Frame 55 has two portions 58projecting laterally from the middle portions of the side edges thereof,the projections 58 being turned upwardly in opposed relation to eachother and being provided with mutually aligned holes 59. One

end portion 64 of plate 55 is turned up and is formed with inwardlyturned flanges Gil along the sides thereof and inwardly turned lugs litat theend thereof, the flanges and lugs forming slots 52 between them.Upright portion 54 is curved slightly as shown in order to increase itsstiffness. The plate is provided with a secand opening 5? and asurrounding depressed por-- tion 68.

An insulating member 55 (see Fig. 8), having an opening adjacent one endthereof, is mount ed upon the under side of the top of main frame it.Insulating member 65 is shaped to pass through the slot 32 of the framemember 25 and It is fastened in place by means of a metal grommet 66which passes through it and is held at the other end by a fiberinsulating washer 6'5. Washer 6? is supported in place by the depressedportlon 58 of plate 55. Metal grommet 65 provides the fourth contact forthe battery.

An irregularly shaped, stiff wire supporting member 69 (see Fig. 9) forthe lamp holder and the cover is clamped in place upon plate 55 by Itslaterally outwardly projecting end portions 59' extend through openings59 and the adjacent portions extend downwardly until they substantiallyengage the upper surface of the plate 55 and they then extend along thissurface lengthwise of the plate and beneath the edges of flanges 60 andthenupwardly in engagement with the exterior side of vertical portion6d. When a point is reached slightly above the top of vertical portion54, wire 89 again extends horizontally away from plate 55 a. shortdistance and then the two side portions come together in 'a straighthorizontal central portion.

Each section has 15 adapted to receive a lamp socket 16. The socket hasflanges which press against the opposite sides of the materialsurrounding opening 15 to hold the socket in position. Flanges 14 areprovided with openings 11 which are adapted to receive the end portions69 of supporting member 69, whereby the lamp is pivotally supported uponthe plate member 55. Openings 18 or 19 in flanges 14 are adapted toreceive the ends of a compression spring member 95. Flanges 13 haveopenings adapted to receive the ends of a link member 90. The lamp I5 isin threaded engagement in the socket and is arranged so that in theoperative position its end terminal makes contact with metal grommet 66as shown in Fig. 1, and in the inoperative position it is disconnectedfrom grommet 66, as shown in Fig. 2.

The dished, oval-shaped cover member I6 is mounted pivotally upon thecentral portion of supporting wire 59 and is adapted to form a reflectorfor the lamp l5 when in the open position, as 'shown in Fig. 1, and acover for the hand lamp when in the closed position, as shown in Fig. 2.One end of the cover is provided with a lip which extends beyond theside of case M and may be engaged by the thumb or finger for operatingthe hand lamp. The opposite end portion of the cover I6 is folded backupon itself to form a loop 8! around the central portion of supportingwire 69, the two parts cooperating to provide the desired pivotalsupport. A coupling member 82 is fastened to the cover I6 adjacent thesupported end of the cover. The coupling member 82 (see Fig. 11)comprises a shaped metal blank folded upon itself to form projectingportions 83 which pass through a slot in the cover and are folded apartagainst the exterior surface of the cover. The portion of member 82 uponthe interior side of the cover has an opening 8 therein. One end of thismember is notched as at 84 to receive and hold the end of the loopedportion 8! of the cover in position.

A substantially U-shaped wire link member (see Fig. 12) isadapted totransmit the movement of cover IE to the lamp holder. The centralportion of link passes through the opening 84 of the coupling member 82and the ends are engaged in openings 80 of the lamp holder m. A ratherabrupt bend 9! is provided at the center of the U to prevent relativemovement between the coupling 82 and the link 90. Downwardly bentportions 92 are formed substantially midway of the legs of the U toprovide access for screwing the lamp l5 in and out of the socket it. Thelink 90 is arranged so that when the cover is in the open position thelamp is operative and when the cover is closed the lamp is inoperative.The lamp and the cover are maintained in substantially parallel relationin all positions,

and in the inoperative position a surface of lamp tially U-shaped, (seeFig. 13) is held at its ccntral portion in slots 62 of plate 55 and itsends are engaged in openings 18 of lamp holder 16. The spring member 95is arranged so as to be bowed in longitudinal compression in all thepositions of lamp holder, the compression being greatest when the lampholder is in a position intermediate and substantially midway betweenthe operative and the inoperative positions, as shown in Fig. 3. Suchrelation is secured by arrang- (ill ing openings 13 so that; as the lampholder is pivotedupon support 63, openings 13 swing in an are whichapproaches slots 62 most closely at a position of openings 18corresponding to the midway position of the lamp holder than at othertimes. When the lamp holder is moved from the operative position to apoint slightly beyond the midway position, spring 95 causes it to movewith a snap into the. inoperative position, and vice versa. In addition,when the lamp holder is in either the operative or the inoperativeposition, spring 95 maintains it firmly in that position. The spring maybe connected to openings 19 instead of 16 if it is desired to adjust thecompression upon the spring to a lower value.

The assembly I provides two open-sided compartments, and dry cells I3and I4 are arranged in these compartments in electrical connection withthe bottom and top terminals therein. The

drycells areboth arranged with their positive terminals toward the topof the assembly. The negative electrode of cell I4 is in contact withterminal 35 and-the positive electrode is in contact. with terminal 42while the negative and positive electrodes of cell I3 are in contactwith terminals II and 66, respectively. The two cells are connectedtogether in series arrangement by contact member 33, which, as explainedheretofore, is integral with spring contacts 4I and 42. The positiveterminal of cell I3 and the negative terminal of cell I4 are thepositive and negative terminals, respectively, of the battery. Thenegative terminal is in continuous connection with the threaded terminalof the lamp through terminal 35, central and top portions 3| and 23 offrame member 26, the top portions 22 of main frame I1 and plate56,'which are in contact with each other and are connected together bygrommet 43 and rivet 63, then through support wire 69, lamp holder 10and socket 16. The positive terminal of the battery'is in continuousconnecby the thumb or finger from the closed or the open position, asthe case may be, until the lamp holder and cover have reached a pointsomewhat beyond the midway position, after which the spring 35 causesthem to move into the new position with a snap. In the operativeposition of the lamp the end terminal of the lamp is in contact withgrommet 66, asshown in Fig. 1, and the circuit is completed through thelamp. In' the inoperative position of the lamp the connection betweenthe grommet 66 and the end terminal of lamp I5 is broken as shown inFig. 2.

Upon the exhaustion of one or both of the cells, the operating assemblyI0 may he slipped out of the case II by pressing on the bottom I8 of theframe and pushing it up far enough to provide a grip upon the topportion, and then withdrawing it the balance of the way. The exhaustedcell or cells may be slipped laterally out of the frame and fresh onesinserted. Spring contacts H and 42 maintain the cells firmly inposition. An indentation is provided in case I I adjacent the bottomthereof, just above the bottom members of the supporting frame I1. Theresulting projection on the inside of the case prevents the operatingassembly from coming out of the case at undesired times.

In the modification shown in Figs. 14 to 26 inclusive, the dry cells arearranged one upright and the otherreversed instead of both beingupright. The same open ended case II may be used. An open-sided frame-III which .is insertable into the open end of the case is shown in Fig.17. The frame comprises a bottom portion II8, side portions I20,stiffened by means of longitudinal ribs I2I, and top portions I22 havinglarge openings I23 adjacent one end thereof and small openings I24adjacent the other end thereof. In addition, the longitudinal sideportions have turned-in flanges I 25 thereon which are adapted tomaintain the dry cells in position. The bottom member II3 has a flangeII9 extend-- ing upwardly from its edges and a pair of lugs I26 projectupwardly from the flange II9.

An oval-shaped disc I21 of insulating material is placed against theinterior surface of bottom member IIB (see Fig. 14). A bottom springcontact I23, which is adapted to connect the adjacent terminals of thedry cells together, is mounted upon insulating disc I21. Contact I23(see Fig. 18) is in the form of a'strip of spring metal which is foldedupon itself in two places to form a looped portion and two end portionsI29 which extend upwardly at an angle and are curved so as to permit theready lateral insertion of the dry cells and to maintain pressureagainst the dry cell terminals. .A second oval-shaped disc of insulatingmaterial I30 (see Fig. 19) is employed to maintain the spring contactI28 in position. Disc I30 is provided with slots I3I extendingdiagonally inward from opposite edges. and-the looped portion ofspringcontact I is looped around the central portion of disc I30 whichis between slots I3I.

After the members I21, I23, and I30 are in position in the bottom framemember I I0, lugs I26 are turned inwardly. against the top surface ofdisc I30 and the members are thereby held firmly in position.

At the top of the frame-the top members I22 are arranged to coincidewith each other and a metal plate I35 (see Fig. 20) is arranged beneathtop frame members I22. Plate I35 has a relatively large opening I36 witha substantially perpendicular flange I31 around its periphery, adjacentone end; A relatively small opening I33 is provided adjacent theopposite end. Flange I31 extends upwardly into openings I23, and openingI30 coincides with openings I24.

A second plate I40 having a shape generally similar to that of plateI35, is arranged above top frame members I22. Plate I40 is shown inFig-21 and has a relatively large opening I4I adjacent one end, theopening having a depressed portion I42 around its periphery. The plateI40 also has a relatively small opening I 43 adjacent the opposite end.This plate is arranged with the flange I 42 extending downwardly intoopening I23 of the top frame members I22 and opening I43 coinciding withopenings- I24 of the top frame members.

The two plates I35 and I40 and the top frame members I22 are fastenedtogether rigidly and maintain an electrical connection with one anotherby means of the metal grommet I63. A second metal grommet I66 passesthrough the relatively large openings in the two plates and the topframe members and has its ends exposed and adapted to cooperate with aterminal of the battery and the end terminal of the lamp in the mannerdescribed in connection with the first modification of the hand lamp.Grommet I66 is held in position out of electrical contact with platesI35 and I40 and top members of the frame by means of insulating washersI65 and I61. Washer I61 is mounted in the depressed portion of plate I40surrounding the opening I. A

metal washer I64 may be mounted against the under surface of insulatingwasher I65.

Plate I40 has two ears I58 projecting from the side edges thereof andturned upwardly in opposed relation to each other, these projectingportions having openings I59 therein. Plate I40 also has two lugs I60projecting from the sides thereof adjacent one end, the lugs beingturned upwardly and inwardly toward each other to form hook-shapedclamps for clamping the rodshaped member upon which the cover and thelamp holder are pivoted. The adjacent end portion of the plate I40 isturned upwardly to form a lug I6! which forms a stop for the lamp holderin the operative position. Additional hookshaped lugs I62 are punchedout of plate I40 adjacent the opposite end thereof and are turnedupwardly from the plate and their end portions are turned substantiallyhorizontally toward the far end of the plate. The lugs I62 form an an-=choring means for the spring which imparts the snap action to the lampholder and cover.

A wire or rod-like supporting member Q69 for the lamp holder and thecover, similar to the supporting member 69 shown in Fig, 9, is clampedagainst the upper surface of plate I40 by means of clamping lugs I60.The end portions extend through opening i5!) and support the lamp holderin pivotal relation, and the mid-portion of supporting member I69 is inelevated relation to plate M0 and is adapted to support the cover inpivotal relation.

The lamp holder I10 (see Fig. 22) is, in general, similar to the lampholder 10 shown in Fig. 10 and comprises two sections HI and I12arranged at substantially right angles to each other. Section I1I hasinwardly turned lugs or flanges I13 at the sides thereof. Flanges 813have openings I therein, the openings being arranged in opposed relationto each other. Section I12 has flanges I14 turned outwardly from.opposite sides thereof, at the portion adjacent the angle betweensections I'II and I12. Flanges I14 have openings I11 in opposed relationto each other, which are adapted to receive the end portion of thesupporting member I69. These flanges also have openings I18, which areadapted to receive the end portionsof spring member I95 which causes thesnap action of the lamp holder and the cover. Section I'I2 has a largeopening I15 therein adapted to receive a lamp socket I16 therein in amanner similar to that described in connection with the form of theinvention shown in Fig. 1. The lamp H5 is mounted in threaded engagementwith socket I16.

The spring member I95 (see Fig. 23) has its end portions engaged inopenings I18 of the lamp holder and its mid-portion held in position byhook-shaped lugs I62 projecting from plate I40. Spring member I95 isheld in fixed position adjacent the end of plate I40 opposite to that atwhich the corresponding spring member 95 of Fig. 1 is anchored and thespring is anchored at a point adjacent to the plate instead of at apoint elevated from the plate.

The cover H6 (see Fig. 24) is of the same gen eral shape as the cover I6of Fig. 1 and has flanges I around the edges thereof and a lip I86 atone end. At the opposite end the material is turned back on itself toform a loop I8I adapted to receive wire supporting member I69, theturned-back portion being folded against the inner side of the cover andhaving a portion or bead I82 projecting laterally away from the cover.Portion I82 has a transverse opening I83 formed therein, this openingbeing adapted to receive the mid-portion of a link member I whichconnects the cover with the lamp holder and transmits a pivotal motionfrom one to the other. The edges of the cover adjacent this end thereofhave projections I84 extending laterally therefrom, these projectionsbeing turned inwardly toward each other and folded over the turned-inend portion of the cover to hold the same in place,

The link member I90 (see Fig. 25) has its midportion passing throughopening I83 and its end portions extending through openings I80 of thelamp holder and is adapted to transmit the pivotal motion of the coverto the lamp holder and vice versa in the same manner as described inconnection with the construction of Fig. 1. The link member I90 is notof angular form like link member 90 but is bowed downward slightly, asis shown clearly in Fig. 14, in order to provide access to the lamp forreplacing the same when it is exhausted.-

The operation of the hand lamp of Fig. 14 is similar to that of Fig. 1.Lip I86 of cover H6 is engaged by the thumb or finger, the cover movedto the open position, and the lamp holder is moved simultaneously to theoperative position. In this movement, spring I passes through thecondition of greatest compression when the lamp holder is substantiallymidway between the operative and the inoperative positions. It isnecessary to exert pressure against the cover to move it toward the openor closed position only until this midway position of the lamp holder isreached after which the spring l95 causes the lamp holder, and with itthe cover, to move to .the desired position with a snap.

Dry cell H3 is arranged with its positive terminal contacting grommetI66 and its negative terminal engaging one end of spring contact E20,and the other dry cell II4 is arranged with its positive terminalengaging the other end of spring contact I28 and its negative terminalin contact with grommet I63. The entire operating assembly may beinserted and removed longitudinally from case II and the dry cells maybe inserted and removed laterally from the open sides of frame 1. It isunderstood, of course, that dry cells H3 and 4- may both be reversed inposition from the positions shown in Fig. 14, as long as the seriesconnection is maintained. In the construction of Fig. lias in thatof'Fig. 1, the threaded terminal of the lamp is in continuous electricalconnection with the negative terminal of the battery. The connection isthrough grommet I63, plate I 40, the two members I69 and E95 whichconnect the plate to the lamp holder, and through the lamp holder andlamp socket. The positive terminal of the battery is in continuouselectrical connection with grommet I66, the exposed top end of which isconnected and disconnected from the end terminal of the lamp in theoperative and the inoperative positions respectively of the same.

In the modification of the invention which is shown in Fig. 26 thebattery is insertable lengthwise into the open end of the case and theoperating mechanism of the hand lamp is contained in a cup which isinsertable in the case at the top of the battery, the circuit connectionfor the operation of the hand lamp being made automatically by theinsertion of the cup. The case 2| I is of the same oval shape as thecase II of Fig. 1 and has an in-turned flange 2I2 at the bottom. It isprovided with relatively short outwardly projecting ridges 2I3 extendinglaterally of the case adjacent the top and upon opposite sides thereof.The battery 2 I4 is of the ordinary flattened oval type having springterminals H5 and H6 projecting from the top thereof. The battery and thecase are shaped laterally to conform to each other and the battery maybe inserted into the open end of the case, when it will slide to thebottom of the case where the bottom of the battery engages the in-turnedflange 2 I 2.

A metallic cup-shaped member 2" conforms laterally with the shape of thecase 2 and is adapted to be inserted into the open top of the case abovethe battery 2. The cup has laterally extending, outwardly projectingridges 2l8 which are adapted to be engaged in the grooves formed by thereverse sides of ridges 2i3 of case 2| I, whereby the cup 2|! ismaintained in position in the case. The cup has two openings in thebottom thereof, each opening being located approximately half waybetween the middle of the cup and the opposite ends thereof. Thematerial of the cup surrounding one of the openings thereof is depresseddownwardly to form depressed portion 2I9. A sheet-form member ofelectrical insulating material 220 is arranged against the exteriorsurface of the bottom of the cup and conforms to the lateral shape ofthe cup. This member has openings therein coinciding with the openingsin the bottom of the cup, one of the openings being of a size adapted toaccommodate the depressed portion 2!! of the cup. Metallic washers 22Iare arranged against the bottom of insulating member 220 adjacent theopenings and the bottom of the cup, the insulating member 220 and thewashers 22l are held firmly together by means of metal grommets 222 and223. Thetop portion of grommet 222 is held in position by a washer ofelectrical insulating material 224 which is held in the depressedportion 2l9 of the bottom of the cup. A lug 22! is struck up from thebottom of the cup to form a stop for the lamp holder in the operativeposition.

The bottom of the cup has lugs 22' struck up from it, these lugs .havingopenings to accommodate the end portions of wire supporting member 221:for the lamp holder and the cover. The lamp holder 228 and the cover 222are of the same construction as the lamp holder and cover of Fig. 14.The lamp holder carries lamp socket 230 and a lamp 22l is threaded intothe socket. A link member 232 is connected between the lamp holder andthe cover and transmits the pivotal motion of one to the other. arestruck upfrom the bottom of the cup and a spring member 224 is connectedbetween these lugs and the lamp holder in the same manner as describedin connection with Fig. 14, whereby the spring 224 maintains the lampholder and the cover firmly in their different positions and causes themto move into these positions with a snap action.

The operation of this modification of the invention is the same as thatof the constructions of Figs. 1 and 14. Upon the insertion of the cup2|! into the case 2l2 the terminals 2|! and II of the battery makeelectrical connection with the grommets 223 and 222 automatically. Fromthe grommet 222 the electrical circuit continues through the bottom ofthe cup, the supporting structure for the lamp holder, the lamp holder,

the lamp socket and the threaded terminal of the lamp. The other grommet222 is in direct electrical connection with the end terminal of the lampwhen the latter is in the operative position.

Upon the exhaustion of the battery the latter A pair of lugs 222 may bereplaced by pressing upon its bottom end which is exposed in the openend of the case 2| i. The disengagement of the ridges 2i! of the cupfrom the grooves of the case is readily accom plished by a mild pressureupon the bottom of the battery. The engagement of the cup with the caseis suflicient, however, to prevent the cup and the battery from comingout of the case under normal conditions of handling and use. After thedisengagement of the cup from the case, the cup and the battery may beremoved readily from the case and a fresh battery may be inserted andthe cup replaced.

In the hand lamp of the earlier patents referred to heretofore the coveris a combination of cover and lamp holder and is supported upon camswhich are pressed against the supporting surface and slide thereon whenthe lamp holder is moved from one position to the other. In addition,the dry cells are not individually re-. placeable. In the hand lamp ofthe present invention, the lamp holder and the cover are each mountedand pivoted upon a different fixed support and substantially no frictionis encountered in moving the lamp from one position to another. As aresult the snap action is improved and there is no tendency for the lampto stop at an intermediate position when the pressure is removed. Inaddition, less effort is required to move the lamp and there is notendency for the operating parts to jam because of friction and becometwisted and bent because of excessive pressure being applied to effectmovement. As a result, the parts do not become worn and they remain intheir proper relative positions and the cover remains fitted against thetop edges of the case for a long period of use. These features togetherwith the feature which permits individual replacement of the dry cellswhen they become exhausted result in a hand lamp which has a long usefullife.

The terms top, bottom, side, inward", and similar terms are used hereinin a relative sense for the purpose of simplifying the description andare not intended necessarily as limitations, as will be evident. Inaddition to the several-modifications described it will be apparent thatvarious changes may be made in the form angle in such manner that themid-portion of.

said U is in elevated position with respect to the frame and the endportions extend through the openings in the upward projections, a coverfor the case mounted in freely pivotal manner on the mid-portion of saidU, an incandescent lamp holder mounted in freely pivotal manner on theend portions of said rod, said lamp holder comprising portions disposedangularly to each other, a lamp socket and a lamp mounted upon oneangular portion of said lamp holder, a link member connected between thecover and the other angular portion of the lamp holder fortransmittingthe pivotal motion fromthe cover to the lamp holder, thelink member being so arranged that the operative and inoperativepositions of the lamp holder correspond to the open and closed positionsof the cover respectively, and a wire spring member clamped at one endto the frame and connected at the other end to the lamp holder, saidspring member being bowed in compression and being connected to the lampholder at such a point thereon that the compression on said springmember is greatest when the lamp holder is in an intermediate positionbetween the operative and inoperative positions, whereby the cover andlamp holder are maintained in their respective positions under pressureand are moved into said positions with a snap from said intermediateposition.

2. A battery hand lamp comprising, in combination, an open top case, abattery in said case, a frame in the case at one end of the battery,said frame having two rod-shaped supports mounted thereon, a cover forsaid case mounted pivotally upon one of said supports, a lamp holdermounted pivotally upon the other of said supports, a link-memberconnected between the cover and the lamp holder for transmitting thepivotal motion of one to the other, the operative and inoperativepositions of the lamp holder corresponding to-the open and closedpositions of the cover respectively, and a spring member connectedbetween a fixed point on the frame and the lamp holder, said springmember being in compression and being so arranged that the compressionthereon is greatest when the lamp holder is in a position between theoperative and inoperative positions thereof.

3. The construction of claim 2 in which the cover is of shaped metaladapted to fit over the open end of the case and has a lip at one endthereof and the other end portion thereof turned back upon itself toform a loop adapted to receive the rod-shaped support, the turned-backportion being folded against the underside of the cover and having alaterally projecting bead, said head having a transverse opening thereinadapted to receive the link member.

4. The construction of claim 2 in which the link member is ofsubstantially U-shape, the legs of the U passing opposite sides of thelamp, said legs being curved so as to provide ready access to the lampfor the purpose of replacing the same.

5. In a device of the class described, an open-- ended case, a batteryin said case, a plurality of fixed, spaced supports mounted in the caseadting the pivotal movement from one to the other; and a spring memberconnected between one of the pivotally mounted members comprising thecover and the lamp holder and a fixed point in the case, said springmember being in a state of stress and being so arranged that the stressthereof is greatest when the lamp holder is in a position between-saidpredetermined positions.

6. In a device of the class described, an openended case, a plateadjacent the open end of said case, two'fixed supports mounted on saidplate, a cover for the case and a lamp holder mounted pivotally on saidsupports respectively, and being adapted to be pivoted intopredetermined positions, means connecting the cover to the lamp holderfor transmitting the pivotal motion from one to the other, said lampholder having surtherein between the terminals, spaced supports mountedon the frame adjacent the open end of the case, a cover for the case anda lamp holder mounted pivotally on the supports ,respectively, meansinterconnecting the cover and the lamp holder for transmiting thepivotal motion of one to the other, and spring means connected betweenone of said pivotally mounted members and the frame for holding the lampholder firmly in the operative and the inoperative positions thereof andcausing the lamp holder to move into said positions with a snap from anintermediate position. 1

8. A separable operating assembly for a hand lamp case comprising aframe, said frame having an open-sided compartment therein, terminalsexposed in the compartment, said compartment being adapted to receive abattery by lateral insertion therein into engagement with the terminals,spaced substantially fixed supports mounted on the frame adjacent oneend of the compartment, a cover for the hand lamp case and a lamp holdermounted pivotally on the supports respectively and being adapted to bepivoted into predetermined positions thereof,

means interconnecting the cover and the lamp holder for transmitting thepivotal movement of one to the other, and spring means connected betweenthe lamp holder and the frame for holding the lamp holder in thepredetermined positions thereof and causing the lamp holder to move intosaid positions with a snap from an intermediate position.

9. In a device of the class described, a frame carrying two fixed,spaced supports, a lamp holder and a cover mounted in freely pivotalmanner-on the supports respectively and being adapted to be pivoted intopredetermined positions, a link member connecting the cover and the lampholder for transmitting the pivotal motion from one to the other, and aspring member connected between said frame and one of saidpivotally-mounted members, said spring member being adapted to hold saidpivotallymounted members in said predetermined positions and to move sad pivotally-mounted 'members into said positions with a snap from anintermediate position.

10. In a device of the class described, an openended case, separatedsubstantially fixed supports mounted in the case adjacent the open endthereof, a cover for the case and a-lamp .holder mounted pivotally onthe supports respectively, means interconnecting the cover and the lampholder for transmitting the pivotal motion of one to the other, and alamp in the lamp holder, said connecting means being so arranged thatthe cover and the axis of said lamp are substantially parallel in allpositions of the two.

11. A battery hand lamp comprising in combination, an open-ended case, abattery in said case, a cup in the case at one end of said batery, saidcup and battery having lateral shapes conforming to the lateral shape ofthe case and being separately insertable and removable from the open end0! the case, substantially fixed supports mounted in the cup, saidsupports being spaced from each other, a cover for the case and a lampholder mounted pivotally on the supports respectively and being adaptedto be pivoted into predetermined positions thereof, meansinterconnecting the cover and the lamp holder for transmitting thepivotal movement oi one to the other, and spring means connected betweenthe lamp holder and the cup (or holding said lamp holder in thepredetermined positions and causing the lamp holder to move into saidpositions with a snap from an intermediate position. v

12. The construction of claim 11 in which electric terminals are exposedon the bottom of the cup and on the top of the battery. and theterminals or the cup make electrical connection with the terminals ofthe battery when the cup and the battery are in position in the case.

JOHN S. ZOOK.

